The Olympics Make Billions…But The Athletes Are Broke

The video explains the complex financial model of the Olympics, highlighting how the International Olympic Committee (IOC) generates billions in revenue while host cities often face bankruptcy and most athletes struggle financially (0:00).

IOC Revenue Streams

• The IOC made $7.7 billion from 2021 to 2024 (0:36).
• Broadcast rights account for 55% of revenue, with NBC in the Americas being a major contributor (1:13).
• Sponsorships through the Olympic Partners (TOP) Program make up 36% of revenue (2:51). However, some long-term sponsors, like Toyota, have withdrawn due to concerns about the IOC's political stance and its distribution of funds (2:25).
• The remaining 9% comes from other activities like licensing deals (3:03).

Host Cities and Financial Struggles

• Host cities are primarily responsible for the non-OCOG budget, which covers construction and capital investments, leading to significant cost overruns (6:41).
• Since 1960, every Olympic Games has gone over budget, with an average overrun of 150% to 175% (7:14). Montreal in 1976 was 720% over budget, taking 30 years to pay off its debt (7:36).
• Host cities often incur massive expenses for "white elephant" structures like stadiums and train lines that are rarely used after the games (9:41).
• The financial burden largely falls on taxpayers (10:10).
• In 2019, the IOC changed its bidding process due to fewer cities wanting to host, aiming for a more financially stable approach (5:18). Paris 2024 aimed to mitigate costs by using 95% pre-existing or temporary venues and had established transportation (14:53).

Athlete Financial Instability

• Despite the billions in revenue, less than 6% of the IOC's revenue goes directly to athletes (10:50).
• The average US Olympian earns around $20,000 per year, often requiring them to work part-time jobs (10:55).

• Olympic athletes primarily fund their participation through a combination of sources, as the International Olympic Committee (IOC) does not directly pay them for competing (12:21-12:24, https://www.olympics.com/ioc/finance. The funding typically covers their extensive training, equipment, coaching, travel, and living expenses.

  Here's how athletes typically secure funding:

  • Stipends from Sporting Bodies Athletes may receive monthly payments from their sport's governing body, such as USA Track and Field. These stipends vary significantly by sport and are often based on an athlete's experience, past performance, and potential to win medals. For example, athletes in popular sports like gymnastics, swimming, or track might receive a few thousand dollars per month, while those in less prominent sports like fencing or rowing might only get a couple of hundred dollars (11:49-12:13).
  • Prize Money from Home Countries The IOC does not offer prize money for winning medals (12:21-12:24). Instead, any monetary reward for medals comes from the athlete's home country. The amount varies widely; for instance, Singapore and Hong Kong might pay over $700,000 for a gold medal, while the US pays $38,000, and Great Britain offers no prize money (12:27-12:38).
  • Sponsorships and Endorsements This is a significant source of income for many athletes, particularly those with high visibility. Major stars like Simone Biles, Michael Phelps, and Usain Bolt can earn millions annually through sponsorships (12:44-12:59). However, sponsorship deals depend on an athlete's popularity, performance, and ability to generate a return on investment for brands. Less famous athletes, even if they are top in their field, often struggle to find sponsorships (13:00-13:23, https://www.investopedia.com/news/how-athletes-get-funding-olympics/.
  • Personal Contributions and Fundraising Because the funding from other sources is often insufficient, many Olympians hold one or two part-time jobs while training (11:11-11:17, https://www.si.com/winter-olympics/what-do-olympic-medalists-get-medals-money-rewards. The video highlights that many athletes even have to fundraise within their communities to cover the cost of traveling to the Olympics (13:31-13:35).
  • Olympic Solidarity Grants The IOC redistributes a portion of its revenue to National Olympic Committees (NOCs) to support athlete development, training grants, and travel subsidies, especially for athletes from developing nations.
  • Private Donations In recent developments, private donations have begun to offer more direct financial stability to athletes. For example, a recent $100 million donation is set to provide Team USA athletes with $200,000 each starting in 2026, regardless of medal wins.

  Overall, while the Olympic movement generates billions, a very small percentage of the IOC's revenue (less than 6%) directly reaches the athletes (10:50-10:55), making financial stability a significant challenge for most Olympians.

• Only major stars like Simone Biles and Michael Phelps secure lucrative sponsorship deals (12:52). Most athletes struggle to find sponsorships and often have to fundraise to cover travel expenses (13:31).

The video concludes by questioning where the money goes, suggesting that the IOC takes no risk while cities and taxpayers bear the financial burden, and the athletes, who make the show possible, receive very little (13:53). The directors of the IOC, however, take home a combined $50 million (14:35). A long-term solution proposed by some analysts is to have permanent host cities for the Summer and Winter Games (15:23).

50 Geography Facts So Crazy They’ll Change How You See the World

This video presents 50 incredible geography facts that challenge common perceptions about our planet (0:32).

Some of the highlights include:

• The River of Death (1:00): Located in Peru's Amazon rainforest, the Shennai Tempishka is a thermal river so hot (120°F to 200°F) it can cook animals alive, despite being 400 meters from the nearest volcano.
• Earth's Lost Continent — Zealandia (1:35): A continent twice the size of India, Zealandia is 94% submerged beneath the Pacific Ocean, with only New Zealand and New Caledonia visible. It was officially recognized as a continent in 2017.
• The Impossible Island (3:19): The Philippines hosts a unique geographical Russian nesting doll: Vulcan Point, an island within a lake (Crater Lake) on an island (Taal Volcano Island) within a lake (Tal Lake) on another island (Luzon Island).
• The Entire Town Under One Roof (3:55): In Whittier, Alaska, almost all 200 residents live in a single 14-story building that contains a post office, grocery store, school, and medical clinic.
• Russia Versus an Entire Planet (4:26): Russia is so vast it covers 17 million square kilometers, making it larger than Pluto's entire surface area (16.6 million square kilometers).
• The Dead Sea That Isn't (5:01): The Dead Sea is not a sea but a hypersaline lake, 10 times saltier than the ocean, allowing people to float effortlessly due to its extreme density.
• The Flattest Country on Earth (5:36): The Maldives has a highest natural point of just 2.44 meters above sea level, making it extremely vulnerable to rising sea levels.
• The Secret Underwater River (6:09): Beneath the Black Sea flows an underwater river with waterfalls and rapids, which, if on land, would be the world's sixth-largest river by volume.
• The Growing Mountain (6:37): Mount Everest grows approximately 4 mm taller each year due to the continuous collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates.
• The Lake That Holds One-Fifth of Earth's Water (7:53): Lake Baikal in Russia contains nearly 20% of the world's total freshwater supply and is the deepest (1,642 meters) and oldest (25 million years) lake on Earth.
• The Pyramid Champion (11:43): Sudan boasts over 200 ancient pyramids, exceeding Egypt's 118 structures.
• The World's Largest Living Thing (12:25): The Great Barrier Reef stretches over 2,300 kilometers and is the largest living structure on Earth, visible from space.
• The Non-Rectangular Flag (13:11): Nepal is the only country with a non-rectangular national flag, featuring a unique double-triangle design.
• The Disappearing Country (14:40): The Maldives could be the first country to completely disappear due to climate change and rising sea levels within 50 to 100 years.
• The Door to Hell (18:03): Turkmenistan's Darvaza gas crater has been burning continuously since 1971 after Soviet engineers accidentally ignited the leaking gas.

I watched Melania's movie so you don't have to.

This video offers a critical review of the Melania Trump movie, exploring Melania's public persona, her role as First Lady, and the perceptions surrounding her.

Here's a breakdown of the video's key points:

• The Melania Movie (0:10-2:24): The creator discusses watching the Melania movie, noting its direction by Brett Ratner, who was pushed out of Hollywood due to Me Too accusations. The film's rights were acquired by Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos for $40 million. Despite the movie's intent to provide insight into Melania, the creator found it boring and felt it failed to reveal her true personality.
• Melania's Persona and Ambitions (2:44-3:43): The video highlights a promotional image of Melania that strikingly resembles Claire Underwood from House of Cards, and an old ad showing Melania as a "gobos" (boss) and President of the United States. These images contradict her public reputation as a submissive wife, suggesting her ambitions are more complex than commonly perceived.
• Early Life and Modeling Career (3:55-7:10): Melania Kavs was born in Slovenia in 1970. She started modeling as a teenager, leaving university to pursue it full-time. She worked in European fashion markets before moving to New York in 1996. The video discusses a controversial nude photoshoot she did for free with photographer Alexander Basville, which later resurfaced during her husband's presidential campaign.
• Relationship with Donald Trump and First Lady Role (7:12-11:47): Melania met Donald Trump in 1998 and they married in 2005. Her public profile rose significantly with Trump's 2015 presidential run. The video touches on reports that she cried upon learning Trump would become president and the controversy surrounding her 2016 Republican National Convention speech, which plagiarized parts of Michelle Obama's 2008 speech. The creator questions the actual purpose and influence of the First Lady role, referencing journalist Katy Martin's views that a First Lady's intelligence and engagement are crucial.
• Symbolism and Public Perception (12:11-15:20): The video notes Melania's strategic use of fashion, particularly her outfit at Trump's first inauguration, which echoed Jackie Kennedy's style to signal her fitness for the role. Her later 2024 inauguration outfit, with a black hat covering her eyes, was interpreted as a statement of setting her own terms and creating distance from her role and husband. The movie is criticized for focusing on her modeling experience and outfits rather than her stated desire to push the First Lady role beyond social duties.
• "Be Best" Campaign and Public Backlash (16:50-17:52): Melania's "Be Best" anti-bullying campaign launched in 2018 is discussed, highlighting the irony when her husband publicly mocked a 16-year-old climate activist. This led to public backlash and questions about the sincerity of her initiative, as she did not publicly scold him.
• Marital Speculation and Comparisons to Other Political Spouses (19:17-23:50): The video addresses the ongoing speculation about Melania's relationship with Donald Trump, especially after instances like the "hat incident" where she seemingly avoided his kiss. The creator explores two comparative stories of European political wives: Veronica Lario (ex-wife of Berlusconi), who divorced him due to his public behavior, and Carla Bruni (wife of Nicolas Sarkozy), who stayed by her husband's side despite corruption investigations. The creator concludes that the film doesn't question Melania's loyalty, suggesting she genuinely likes him and finds comfort in her wealthy life as First Lady.
• Final Critique of the Film (24:14-25:01): A Guardian critic is quoted, describing the film as having "not a single redeeming quality," a "designer taxidermy," and a "gilded trash remake" that distracts viewers while her husband and his cronies dismantle the constitution.

 

Why the US is almost always at war | DW Documentary

The video, "Why the US is almost always at war," explores the historical role of warfare in shaping American identity and political decisions throughout its 250-year existence (1:27). The United States has been almost constantly at war since its foundation (1:06-1:09).

Key aspects of the video include:

• Military Presence and Identity (0:38-1:10): The US military showcases its power globally, with hundreds of thousands of troops on continuous deployment. War has played a central role in shaping the nation's political course, and battle reenactments, memorials, museums, and uniformed ceremonies contribute to making war a key pillar of national identity.
• The Influence of War Movies (5:35-8:35): Hollywood war movies have been an effective method for anchoring military might in the population's hearts and minds. During World War II, dedicated motion picture units collaborated with the military, and prominent directors like George Stevens and John Ford participated in making films that showcased US dominance. These films encouraged patriotism and portrayed the US fighting for the "greater good."
• World Wars and Global Superpower Status (10:40-11:21): The World Wars transformed the United States from a regional power into a global superpower, dictating the new world order. World War II is particularly remembered as a war the US can "still get behind" due to the direct attack on the United States.
• US Military Infrastructure and Global Commitment (18:31-19:15): The US maintains a significant global military presence, with over 200,000 personnel stationed abroad at hundreds of bases. It possesses the most aircraft carriers and military aircraft globally, along with thousands of nuclear warheads.
• Historical Expansion and "Manifest Destiny" (51:49-56:00): The video highlights early US expansion, including the Louisiana Purchase and the acquisition of Florida and Oregon. The conquest of the West, particularly the Texas Revolution and the Battle of the Alamo, is presented as a key phase, though the narrative often overlooks the motivations of settlers to reintroduce slavery. The concept of "manifest destiny" was invented by media and politicians to justify the nation's expansion, using religion to frame it as a divine mission.
• The Impact of the Vietnam War (1:09:54-1:13:00): The Vietnam War marked a turning point, making the public question the US role as the "good guys." It was the first war shown on TV nightly, leading to a mass cultural counter-movement and the end of conscription, breaking the link between the military, politics, and society.
• "Endless Wars" and Foreign Policy Shifts (1:14:14-1:21:20): Interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq are described as "endless wars," difficult to win and end, suggesting the nation hadn't learned from past mistakes. The video discusses the current pendulum swing in US foreign policy, between isolationism and global interventionism.
• Donald Trump's Vision (1:21:39-1:24:20): Donald Trump's approach, similar to President McKinley, emphasizes American supremacy, primarily for economic interests. He aims to replace the old world order with a new system of American power, focusing on defeating enemies and ending wars.

World's Toughest Lives: Stories from the Hidden Worlds | Full Series | Free Documentary

This documentary, "World's Toughest Lives: Stories from the Hidden Worlds," explores the lives of people in five unique and challenging communities across the globe. Each segment highlights the resilience, daily struggles, and cultural practices of residents in these remote or overlooked areas.

Here's a breakdown of the communities featured:

• Philippines: Manila North Cemetery (0:00:00-0:41:34) This section focuses on a community living within a sprawling cemetery, where thousands of people coexist with the deceased due to poverty and a lack of housing. The video shows daily life, including funerals (2:52), small businesses thriving around death (6:36), and the celebration of All Souls Day (14:38). It also touches on the challenges faced by the LGBTQ community (26:42) and the threat of forced demolitions (34:41).

• Peru: La Rinconada (0:41:34-1:25:11) Set in the world's highest human habitation, this segment delves into the lives of gold miners in the Peruvian Andes. It details their dangerous work (40:51), the "cachure system" (46:22) where miners gamble for their earnings, and the environmental pollution from cyanide (58:40). The community also faces extreme poverty (1:03:23), health risks like tuberculosis (59:30), and high crime rates (1:15:50).

• Nigeria: Makoko (1:25:11-2:08:13) This part of the documentary explores a floating slum in Lagos, Nigeria, built on stilts over water. It highlights the community's unique culture surrounding death and funerals (1:23:40), the importance of fishing (1:28:06), and the craft of building dugout canoes (1:30:48). The residents face significant challenges with polluted water (1:37:50), limited access to education (1:43:53), and pervasive crime, including human trafficking and drug dealing (1:53:24).

• Russia: Oymyakon (2:08:13-2:53:34) The video takes viewers to the coldest inhabited place on Earth, Oymyakon, Siberia. It showcases how residents endure brutal temperatures (2:14:18), maintain traditional practices like animal husbandry (2:25:44) and ice fishing (2:23:12), and continue to celebrate life events like weddings (2:19:10). The segment also explores the historical context of the settlement (2:16:41) and the blend of traditional beliefs with Soviet-era cultural influences (2:46:34).

• India: Dharavi (2:53:34-3:20:56) The final segment is set in Dharavi, one of the world's largest slums, located in Mumbai, India. It portrays Dharavi as a bustling economic hub with a massive underground economy (2:51:01, 2:58:15). The video highlights stories of migrants seeking a better life (2:56:40), the influence of Bollywood with acting classes (3:12:31), and the dual roles of women as homemakers and breadwinners despite societal challenges (3:17:41).

The people in these communities employ various strategies to survive the difficult conditions they face:

• Manila North Cemetery, Philippines:

  • Many people live in the cemetery due to poverty and lack of housing, transforming it into a makeshift home (0:00:00).
  • They sustain themselves through small businesses and daily labor, often centered around the ongoing funeral activities (6:36 - 7:00, 36:32 - 36:38).
  • Despite challenges, they maintain a peaceful equilibrium between life and death, hope and sorrow, and find joy in their community (39:04 - 39:09, 40:07).

• La Rinconada, Peru:

  • Miners endure the harsh conditions and dangerous labor in hopes of striking it rich by finding gold (41:18 - 41:25).
  • They participate in the "cachure system," where they gamble one day a month on keeping whatever ore they haul, often preferring this risk over regular wages (46:22 - 46:31).
  • They rely on spirituality, including indigenous customs and Roman Catholic worship, and make offerings to deities like Aicha for good fortune in mining (42:23 - 42:27, 41:15 - 41:22).
  • An entire economy has sprung up around the mine, with hostels, bars, markets, and restaurants catering to the miners (1:08:12 - 1:08:39).
  • Women, known as "pelicqueras," find a way to make a living by sifting through debris trucked out of the mine to find specks of gold (1:05:54 - 1:06:04).

• Makoko, Nigeria:

  • Fishing is a crucial part of daily life and provides an economic lifeline for the community (1:28:06 - 1:28:30).
  • Craftsmen build dugout canoes which are essential for daily activities like visiting family, transporting goods, attending school, and even sleeping (1:30:54 - 1:32:09).
  • Women engage in demanding work like preparing and roasting fish for consumption and sale, often for around 80 cents each (1:32:32 - 1:33:23).
  • The waterways are arteries for a bustling water-based economy, where almost all trade is conducted by boat, with merchants selling various wares (1:34:46 - 1:35:12).
  • Local businesses like carpenters, tailors, and electricians cater to most of Makoko's needs, often reusing electronic components (1:37:05 - 1:37:29).
  • A local security group called the Y Brigade patrols the waterways to combat petty crime (1:53:24 - 1:53:41).
  • Some men from semi-reformed street gangs engage in physical training ("pumping iron") to toughen up for survival in Makoko (1:58:00 - 1:58:19).
  • Many residents hold hope for the community's youth to carry Makoko into the future (2:03:33 - 2:03:36, 2:04:32 - 2:04:34).

• Oymyakon, Russia:

  • The town has a coal-powered boiler house that pumps hot water throughout the community via a network of pipelines, warming homes and providing much-needed heat (2:10:07 - 2:10:16, 2:11:42 - 2:12:02).
  • Animal husbandry, particularly raising cattle and horses, is an essential part of daily life, providing food, fur, and transportation (2:25:44 - 2:25:50, 2:27:51 - 2:28:10).
  • They utilize a nearby thermal spring to water their cattle, which remains unfrozen despite the extreme cold (2:27:26 - 2:27:44).
  • The town has a humble central store that sells a limited range of produce brought in from the regional capital (2:30:26 - 2:30:34).
  • Schooling continues for the town's youth, with classes only cancelled if temperatures drop below -50°C, ensuring access to education (2:31:15 - 2:31:42).

• Dharavi, India:

  • The slum operates a bustling underground economy worth up to a billion dollars each year, with workshops and rudimentary factories forming its backbone (2:50:57 - 2:51:04).
  • Migrant workers are renowned for their entrepreneurialism, producing almost anything imaginable (2:55:05 - 2:55:10).
  • The textiles industry provides work for many migrants, with constant fabric cutting and stitching (2:55:16 - 2:55:27).
  • Residents forge ahead regardless of the harsh conditions like sewage, lack of toilets, scarce clean water, and the threat of malaria (2:59:18 - 2:59:31).
  • The community maintains a diverse sectarian mix, with the Hindu majority generally coexisting peacefully alongside Christian and Muslim communities (3:00:41 - 3:01:00).
  • Many women fulfill dual roles as both homemakers and breadwinners, contributing to their families' welfare despite gender stereotypes (3:18:10 - 3:18:18).
  • They find moments of enjoyment and distraction in cricket, the national sport, which is followed with "almost religious fervor" (3:23:55 - 3:24:21).